• br Transparency document br Acknowledgements

  2020-05-13

  

  Transparency document Acknowledgements This work was supported by research grant G092715N of the Research Foundation Flanders (FWO). The authors are indebted to Drs. V. Baekelandt and E. Lobbestael (Research Group for Neurobiology and Gene Therapy, KU Leuven) for stimulating discussions and he

• br Conflicts of interest br Acknowledgments Work in

  2020-05-13

  

  Conflicts of interest Acknowledgments Work in the laboratory of SPS is funded by Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) Network Project BSC-0111 (INDEPTH) and BSC-0112 (NanoSHE). We are thankful to Director, CSIR-IITR for his constant encouragement and support. We also acknowledg

• br Introduction Breast cancer is the

  2020-05-13

  

  Introduction Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women and one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Estrogen receptor alpha (ERα, “wild-type” estrogen receptor), encoded by the estrogen receptor1 (ESR1) gene, is expressed in approximately 70% of all breast cancers. Hormonal therapy ha

• br Discussion Electroporation is a convenient and efficient

  2020-05-13

  

  Discussion Electroporation is a convenient and efficient way to introduce foreign material into (-)-Huperzine A mg [10], [16], [17], [18]. There are a lot of different protocols for transfection with electroporation. It was reported that there are several parameters that are relevant to successf

• Astrocytes play a key role in the brain

  2020-05-13

  

  Astrocytes play a key role in the brain, as these cells are involved in fluid, ion, pH, and neurotransmitter homeostasis, synapse function, energy and metabolism and blood-brain barrier (BBB) maintenance (Sofroniew and Vinters, 2010). PA is able to activate different damaging responses in astrocytes

• MTX and MTXPGs block the activity of the key enzyme

  2020-05-13

  

  MTX and MTXPGs block the activity of the key enzyme DHFR (Fig. 1), which converts folates to their active forms – dihydrofolate (DHF) and tetrahydrofolate (THF). MTXPGs also potently inhibit thymidylate synthase (TS). Furthermore, during dTMP synthesis, TS utilizes the cofactor 5,10-methylene THF, w

• br Author Contributions br Acknowledgments br Introduction M

  2020-05-13

  

  Author Contributions Acknowledgments Introduction Many anticancer agents bind covalently to DNA, introduce bulky adducts, and inhibit DNA metabolic processes including repair, replication and transcription.1., 2., 3. Frequently, the first enzymes to encounter DNA adducts are DNA helicases.

• To compare glucose metabolism via

  2020-05-13

  

  To compare glucose metabolism via oxidative phosphorylation to that via glycolysis, a bioenergetics plot was constructed (Fig. 3A). In most cells, a decrease in one bioenergetics pathway is compensated by an increase in the other. However, following NAT1 deletion, there was a decrease in both oxidat

• MSCs are self renewing multipotent progenitor cells

  2020-05-13

  

  MSCs are self-renewing, multipotent progenitor cells, with multilineage potential to differentiate into adipocytes, osteocytes, and chondrocytes. In addition, MSCs can migrate to sites of inflammation, supporting hematopoiesis and homeostatic maintenance. Given their unique therapeutic properties, M

• CellProfiler and OpenComet are two open source software avai

  2020-05-12

  

  CellProfiler and OpenComet are two open source software available in internet to analyse silver stained comet assay images. With CellProfiler [19], Gonzalez et al. [18] modified the pipeline provided in the website by adding a background subtraction module and two filtering modules to quantify DNA d

• br Role of ALDH Isoenzymes in Glioma Growth and

  2020-05-12

  

  Role of ALDH Isoenzymes in Glioma Growth and Invasion ALDH family genes are commonly upregulated in gliomas, indicating ALDH-dependent cell metabolism. Specific ALDH isoenzymes have been detected in high- and low-grade tumors implicated in cell proliferation, maintenance of CSC properties, invasi

• br The contribution of Interference RNA and

  2020-05-12

  

  The contribution of Interference RNA and epigenetic in OA attenuation Interference RNA, a cellular mechanism for post-transcriptional gene silencing that is associated with mRNA. The potential of RNAi has successfully silenced the wide range of protein coding genes. Its high specificity sanctions

• Synthetic peptides have proven highly

  2020-05-12

  

  Synthetic peptides have proven highly valuable in replicating the characteristics of collagen and in defining the sites on collagen essential for binding and studying protein–collagen interactions. There are, however, disadvantages to synthetic collagen-like peptides. First, the thermal stability of

• Activating GSK signaling to inhibit PK signaling

  2020-05-12

  

  Activating GSK3β signaling to inhibit PK signaling during ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) is protective of WM ischemic injury. Glycogen synthase kinase (GSK3), which was the first substrate identified for AKT [44], is inhibited by AKT phosphorylation at positions S9 and S21 [45]. When GSK3β is active, it

• Based upon these findings on portions A and

  2020-05-12

  

  Based upon these findings on portions A and B, novel scaffolds of EP4 antagonist, and (R & R=()-Me; =Cl; R=H), shown in , were identified. We next focused on optimizing portion C of these scaffolds. We utilized for an alternative synthesis of nicotinamide scaffold , which is quite effective for

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